President Trump signed the new Tax Cuts and Jobs Act bill into law on December 22, 2017, and the law includes a number of historic changes to the federal tax code. However, the vast majority of the most dramatic changes are aimed at business taxation, not individual taxpayers.
That said, there are several fairly significant changes to personal income tax laws, which we’ve highlighted below. But keep in mind, unlike the new business tax laws, which are permanent, nearly everything listed here for personal taxes sunsets after 2025 and will revert to the 2017 code in 2026 unless Congress extends the changes.
Given this, it’s important that you contact your Family Business Lawyer® as soon as possible to take advantage of any new tax-saving strategies before these new provisions sunset.
Higher standard deduction
The standard deduction increases to $24,000 for joint filers, $12,000 for single taxpayers, and $18,000 for heads of households, all adjusted for inflation. The law also eliminates nearly all personal exemptions, however, so those with dependents won’t see quite as much savings.
Note that if you’re a 1099 wage earner, regardless of how much you earn, you pay approximately 15% of your earnings toward payroll taxes, which would otherwise be covered by your employer and taken out of your paycheck. So even though the standard deduction has increased, if you’re a 1099/ independent contractor, you may still face a big tax bill if you’re not structured properly. Contact us if you need help with this.
Changes to mortgage interest deduction
For existing mortgages the limit on deducting interest on up to $1 million of mortgage interest stays the same. Deductible mortgage interest for new mortgages taken on after December 15, 2017, however, is now capped at $750,000. Additionally, homeowners may no longer claim a deduction for existing and new interest on home equity loans.
Increased child tax credit
The child tax credit increases up to $2,000 per child, and the first $1,400 is refundable, meaning the credit could reduce your tax liability to zero, and you would still receive a tax refund. The cut off for the tax credit increases to $400,000 for married couples filing jointly.
Expanded estate tax exemption
The estate tax exemption increases to $11.2 million for individuals and $22.4 million for couples, indexed for inflation. The rate for those estates still subject to taxation remains at 40%. However, don’t let this increase lead you to believe you don’t need to handle your estate planning if your estate is less than $11 million. Estate planning is what keeps your family out of court and out of conflict; it’s not just about taxes. Very few people will be impacted by the estate tax, but everyone’s family is at risk for court and conflict.
Eliminated state and local income tax deductions
State and local income tax deductions are repealed. This means that you will pay your state and local income taxes from after-tax income. However, you’ll be able to deduct up to $10,000 for state and local property taxes paid.
Changes to medical expense deduction
Under the new law, taxpayers can deduct any medical expenses that exceed 7.5% of their adjusted gross income in 2017 and 2018. But this new deduction level sunsets on Jan. 1, 2019, when it will revert back to the previous level of 10%.
Whether the Tax Cuts and Jobs act results in tax cuts for your family or an increased tax bill is greatly dependent on how you’ve structured your financial affairs. Given this, if you’ve not yet had a Family Wealth Planning Session with us as your Family Business Lawyer®, now is the time to do it. After your Family Wealth Planning Session, we’d be happy to meet with you and your CPA to strategize how to achieve the most tax savings for your family in the years to come.
This article is a service of Katie Charleston of Katie Charleston Law, A Professional Corporation, a Family Business Lawyer®. We don’t just draft documents; we ensure you make informed and empowered decisions about life and death, for yourself and the people you love. That’s why we offer a Family Wealth Planning Session, 
during which you will get more financially organized than you’ve ever been before, and make all the best choices for the people you love. You can begin by calling our office today to schedule a Family Wealth Planning Session and mention this article to find out how to get this $750 session at no charge.
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